The development of genome editing technologies - such as CRISPR-Cas9 - has led to widespread discussion about their potential to modify a human embryo, sperm or egg cell in order to prevent disease or influence other heritable characteristics.
Last week, the Nuffield Council on Bioethics published a report exploring the ethical and social implications of using genome editing in human reproduction. They cautiously concluded that germline genome editing interventions to influence the characteristics of future generations could be ethically acceptable in some circumstances.
The report emphasised that more research is still needed to better understand the safety and feasibility of heritable genome editing interventions before being provided to patients.
Currently, the clinical use of genome editing techniques in human embryos is prohibited by law, although is permitted for research purposes and strictly regulated by the Human Fertilisations and Embryology Authority (HFEA).
The report also calls for broad and inclusive societal debate before any changes are considered to UK legislation and recommends that an independent UK body should be created to help coordinate ongoing public debate, and help to identify and understand public interests.
The full report and a summary of all the recommendations can be found on the Nuffield website.
The Academy has previously stated that, although safety and ethical concerns remain, the use of germline genome editing holds significant clinical potential. We are therefore pleased to see that this report recognises the possible value of such applications, supports more research into the safety, effectiveness, and societal impact of its implications. We also support the call for ongoing public debate.
The Academy submitted evidence to inform this report, and will continue to monitor this area and seek opportunities to further contribute to the debate. To read our submission and learn more about our work on genome editing, please visit our project page.